See dosk on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "dusk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "dosk"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "dox"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*duskaz",
"t": "dark-colored"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *duskaz (“dark-colored”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰus-ko-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-ko-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰwes-",
"3": "*-kos",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to breathe; to smoke"
},
"expansion": "*dʰwes- (“to breathe; to smoke”) + *-kos",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fuscus",
"t": "swarthy, dusky, dark"
},
"expansion": "Latin fuscus (“swarthy, dusky, dark”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *duskaz (“dark-colored”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-ko-s, from *dʰwes- (“to breathe; to smoke”) + *-kos. Cognate with Latin fuscus (“swarthy, dusky, dark”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dosk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*dosk",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dosk",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dark, dark-colored, dusky"
],
"id": "en-dosk-gmw-pro-adj-7tHKH6y~",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"dark-colored",
"dark-colored"
],
[
"dusky",
"dusky"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "dosn"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dosk"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "dusk"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "dosk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dox"
},
"expansion": "Old English dox",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*duskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *duskaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dox, *dux, *deox, from Proto-Germanic *duskaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dosc",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dusk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duske",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deosc",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deosk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "desk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deske",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"10": "{{{3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{sup2}}}",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "",
"f3l": "",
"f5l": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dosk",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dosk",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "enm:Colors",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Dusky; not brightly or lightly-coloured."
],
"id": "en-dosk-enm-adj-aP-E5MQR",
"links": [
[
"Dusky",
"dusky"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "dusken"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔsk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdusk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɛsk/"
}
],
"word": "dosk"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "dusk"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "dosk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dox"
},
"expansion": "Old English dox",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*duskaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *duskaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dox, *dux, *deox, from Proto-Germanic *duskaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dosc",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "dusk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "duske",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deosc",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deosk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "desk",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "deske",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"10": "{{{3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{sup2}}}",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "",
"f3l": "",
"f5l": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dosk",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dosk",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "dusken"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Colors"
],
"glosses": [
"Dusky; not brightly or lightly-coloured."
],
"links": [
[
"Dusky",
"dusky"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔsk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdusk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɛsk/"
}
],
"word": "dosk"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "dusk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "dosk"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "dox"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*duskaz",
"t": "dark-colored"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *duskaz (“dark-colored”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰus-ko-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-ko-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰwes-",
"3": "*-kos",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to breathe; to smoke"
},
"expansion": "*dʰwes- (“to breathe; to smoke”) + *-kos",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fuscus",
"t": "swarthy, dusky, dark"
},
"expansion": "Latin fuscus (“swarthy, dusky, dark”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *duskaz (“dark-colored”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-ko-s, from *dʰwes- (“to breathe; to smoke”) + *-kos. Cognate with Latin fuscus (“swarthy, dusky, dark”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dosk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doskē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dosku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doskum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*dosk",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dosk",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "dosn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"dark, dark-colored, dusky"
],
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"dark-colored",
"dark-colored"
],
[
"dusky",
"dusky"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dosk"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dosk meaning in All languages combined (7.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-04-01 using wiktextract (7de0cf9 and 9452535). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.